Worked example
[PLACEHOLDER] Original exam-style question written by Chemify
Question
2.4 g of magnesium reacts with excess dilute hydrochloric acid: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + H₂(g). Calculate the volume of hydrogen produced at room temperature and pressure. (Aᵣ: Mg = 24; 1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm³ at r.t.p.) [3]
Weak answer
1 / 32.4 ÷ 24 = 0.1. Volume = 0.1 × 2 = 0.2 dm³.
- Awarded M1Correct moles of Mg: 0.1 mol.
- Missed M1Uses the 2 from HCl instead of the 1 : 1 Mg : H₂ ratio.
- Missed A1Multiplies by 2 instead of 24 dm³ mol⁻¹; answer and units wrong.
Strong answer
3 / 3n(Mg) = 2.4 ÷ 24 = 0.10 mol. Mole ratio Mg : H₂ = 1 : 1, so n(H₂) = 0.10 mol. Volume of H₂ = 0.10 × 24 = 2.4 dm³.
- Awarded M1Moles of Mg shown with working.
- Awarded M1States the 1 : 1 mole ratio from the equation.
- Awarded A12.4 dm³ with units.
Marks follow the examiner's mark scheme: B = independent mark, M = method/reasoning, A = answer.